Definitions

Ethnography: The scientific description of peoples and cultures with their customs, habits, and mutual differences
Evolutionism: Belief in the theory of evolution.
Exile: A person who lives away from their native country, either from choice or compulsion.
Explorer: A person who explores a new or unfamiliar area.
Missionary: A person sent on a religious mission, especially one sent to promote Christianity in a foreign country.
Monogenesis: The theory that humans are all descended from a single pair of ancestors.
Pioneer: A person who is among the first to explore or settle a new country or area.
Red man: An American Indian (offensive, dated)
Sauvages*: An old term referring to Indigenous peoples in North America. First used in the late 15th century, it is now outdated and offensive.
Settler: A person who settles in an area, typically one with no or few previous inhabitants.
Traveler: A person who is travelling or who often travels.
Voyage: A long journey involving travel by sea or in space.
Voyager: A person who makes a voyage; a traveller.

All definitions are from the English Oxford Living Dictionary (https://en.oxforddictionaries.com), unless otherwise indicated.

*Sauvage. (2009). In Multidictionnaire de la langue française (5th
ed.). Montréal, QC: Éditions Québec-Amérique, p. 1460.